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Polio is back — how concerned should Americans be?

by Universalwellnesssystems

Naturally, these events raised many questions. Why is his one case of polio worrying authorities?What does it mean to have poliovirus detected in wastewater?Who should be worried about getting sick?Someone for how many years If they were vaccinated long ago, are they still protected?

To help you understand more about this disease that most people alive today have never experienced, I am a CNN Medical Analyst, Emergency Physician, and Health Officer at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health. We spoke with Dr. Leana Wen, Professor of Policy and Management. is also the author of “Lifelines: A Physician’s Journey in the Battle for Public Health”.

CNN: So far, only one case of poliovirus paralysis has been documented in New York. Why does one case worry health officials?

Dr. Liana Wen: August Report from CDC “Even one case of paralytic polio represents a public health emergency in the United States,” he said. He has two main reasons for this.
First, polio is a disease that can have very serious consequences. The heyday of the 1940s and 1950spolio paralyzed tens of thousands of children each year.Thousands died from the virus.
This changed with the introduction of a highly effective vaccine — Over 99% effective For the prevention of paralytic polio. Thanks to a massive vaccination campaign, the last outbreak of wild polio he occurred in 1979 and was thought to be eradicated in the United States. The recurrence of such diseases with such potentially devastating consequences is a great threat.
Second, one case of paralytic polio may be the tip of the big iceberg.many Polio infection cases It is asymptomatic and does not cause paralysis. Symptoms such as fatigue, fever and diarrhea tend to be mild and may resemble symptoms of other viruses. Public health officials are concerned that there are many other people who may have polio and may be unknowingly infecting them.
In Rockland County, where a recent case of paralytic virus was diagnosed, polio vaccination coverage is only 60%Vaccine coverage is as low as 37% in some parts of the county. These numbers are well below the threshold required for herd immunity. This means that there are many people in the region who could become infected with polio and have serious consequences.

CNN: What does it mean that poliovirus was detected in wastewater from five counties, including New York City?

Wen: The detection of poliovirus in sewage could mean that there are people who are actively infected with polio and are shedding the virus, or that viral signals are from people who have recently received the oral polio vaccine (OPV). means either that it may be of In the US he is no longer administered OPV. Since 2000, the version in use in the United States is the injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). We are shedding the virus from the vaccine.

Wastewater samples taken on August 25th in a lab at Queens College, New York City.

Rarely, attenuated virus from people who have recently had OPV can cause paralytic polio in unvaccinated people. This is the main reason her OPV is out of service in the US.

Another concern is that wastewater samples from Nassau County, Long Island genetically linked For a case of paralytic polio identified in Rockland County. (The two counties are not contiguous and are about 40 miles apart.) This is further evidence of a largely undetected spread of communities.

CNN: How do people get polio?

Wen: polio is an infectious disease Can be sent in various waysThe main route is fecal-oral transmission. This means that contact with the faeces of an infected person can lead to polio. This can be caused by putting fecal-contaminated toys in the mouth, especially in children.
Poliovirus can also be transmitted through the respiratory route. For example, when an infected person coughs or sneezes and those droplets land around the mouth.A person who is vaccinated is worth nothing You can get polio and pass it on to othersalthough they are very well protected against the serious illness itself.

CNN: Should New Yorkers worry about contracting polio?

Wen: Again, people who have been vaccinated against polio are very well protected against paralytic polio and need not worry at this time. It is very good at preventing the effects, but it should be pointed out that vaccinated people are still carriers of polio and can infect others. Those at risk for serious consequences are those who have not been vaccinated and those who are incompletely vaccinated, including young children under the age of six who have not yet completed the polio vaccine series.

CNN: How many doses of polio vaccine should I receive?

Wen: of CDC recommends that children receive four IPV sessions. The first time is 2 months old, the second time is 4 months old, the third time is 6-18 months old, and the fourth time is 4-6 years old.

Adults who have never been vaccinated against polio should receive three doses of IPV. The first should be given as soon as possible, the second should be given 1-2 months after her, and the third should be given 6-12 months after her second dose.

CNN: If someone got the vaccine years ago, are they still protected? Who should get a polio booster now?

Wen: protection against serious illness stay strong for years Post-vaccination; believed to be probably lifelong. Most vaccinated people do not need more doses.
Opinion: How the virus seems to have risen from the dead
However, if you have not completed the first series of vaccines, you should receive the rest of the vaccines.Some fully vaccinated people could also receive an extra lifetime booster of IPV under certain circumstances — For example, if you have had direct contact with someone suspected of having polio, or if you are a healthcare worker at high risk of contracting polio.

CNN: What if you don’t know if you’ve been vaccinated? Suppose you don’t remember having a vaccine and it’s been years. Is there a blood test that can confirm either?

Wen: You can check with your doctor’s office or state health department to see if you have a record of your immunizations. If not, for example if you have no other way to check with your parents or other relatives or caregivers, you should talk to your health care provider about getting the full polio vaccine series now. There is no blood test that can reliably detect if you are fully vaccinated.

CNN: What if you or your family have not yet been vaccinated against poliovirus?

Wen: People who have not yet been vaccinated or whose vaccination is incomplete should receive the full polio vaccine series immediately. This is especially important if you live in or around Rockland County, New York, but practically everyone needs to keep up with regular vaccinations.

Decades ago, it was a tragedy that so many children were permanently paralyzed and died of polio. should never happen again.

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