Retrospective findings showed that searching for S. aureus and its enterotoxin (SE) during initial screening of asthma patients helped identify targeted treatment options by improving phenotypes and predicting comorbidities .
Data from new study points to specific toxins that could help advance precision medicine asthma.
Retrospective findings showed that searching for Staphylococcus aureus and its enterotoxins (SEs) when initially screening patients helped identify targeted treatment options by improving phenotypes and predicting comorbidities. rice field.
“From a perspective, these data may be of interest for new biologic therapy indications and patient selection,” the researchers explained. “Indeed, recent approaches suggest that S. aureus may damage airway epithelial cells and induce the release of alarmins IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), regardless of enterotoxin production.” It activates type 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2) involved in IL-5-mediated eosinophilic inflammation.”
Overall, 1 in 4 of the 249 patients included in this study were positive for staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-IgE. According to the researchers, the prevalence was similar to that seen in a previous large study that identified a prevalence of 29.3%. Patients with SEB-IgE sensitization tended to be younger and have an earlier onset.
There was a weaker negative correlation between FEV in SEB-IgE-positive patients compared with SEB-IgE-negative patients and the overall cohort1% and BEC, showing that BEC does not correlate with asthma severity.
Based on these findings, researchers argued that SE-IgE sensitization should be considered an independent risk factor for developing asthma.
SEB-IgE was positively associated with chronic sinusitis (CRS) (OR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.22-5.71) and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) (OR = 1.98; 95% CI, 1.08-3.52). It was relevant. The data also show a significant association between SEB-IgE and being female, which is consistent with previous studies. No significant associations were observed between SEG-IgE sensitization and atopy, exacerbations, or corticosteroid dose. The researchers observed a suggested increased risk of her SEB-IgE sensitization in smokers (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 0.98–3.60).
“We did not have enough statistical data to point to a significant association between smoking status and SEB-IgE sensitization,” the group explained. , which is also consistent with previous data achieved only after thresholding the population according to the number of cigarette packs per year (>15 for statistical significance), showing a dose dependence between the two variables. It emphasizes relationships.”
Although the study was not set up to assess response to treatment, the researchers noted that not all patients had the same response to different biologic agents. , especially patients with nasal polyposis, did not respond significantly to anti-IL-5 treatments such as mepolizumab. The researchers wrote that these patients may be SE-IgE-positive rather than IL-5-positive by her CRSwNP, which could explain the lack of response to anti-IL-5 treatment.
reference
Caruso C, Colantuono S, Ciasca G et al. Different aspects of severe asthma in real life: the role of S. aureus enterotoxin and its correlation with comorbidities and disease severity. allergyPublished online August 3, 2022. doi: 10.1111/all.15466
